Eloquent ORM

php artisan make:model Post
# Creates: app/Models/Post.php

<?php
namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;

class Post extends Model
{
    use SoftDeletes;

    // Columns that can be mass-assigned
    protected $fillable = ['title', 'slug', 'body', 'user_id', 'published'];

    // Or: protect everything except these
    // protected $guarded = ['id'];

    // Type casting
    protected $casts = [
        'published'    => 'boolean',
        'published_at' => 'datetime',
        'settings'     => 'array',
    ];
}
?>

<?php
// Create
$post = Post::create([
    'title'   => 'My First Post',
    'slug'    => 'my-first-post',
    'body'    => 'Hello World!',
    'user_id' => 1,
]);

// Or
$post = new Post();
$post->title = 'My First Post';
$post->save();

echo $post->id;  // Auto-generated ID
?>

<?php
// Get all
$posts = Post::all();

// Find by ID
$post = Post::find(1);
$post = Post::findOrFail(1);  // Throws 404 if not found

// Where conditions
$published = Post::where('published', true)->get();
$recent = Post::where('created_at', '>=', now()->subDays(7))->get();

// Multiple conditions
$posts = Post::where('published', true)
             ->where('user_id', 1)
             ->orderBy('created_at', 'desc')
             ->limit(10)
             ->get();

// First result
$latest = Post::latest()->first();

// Count
$total = Post::count();
$publishedCount = Post::where('published', true)->count();
?>

<?php
// Update
$post = Post::find(1);
$post->title = 'Updated Title';
$post->save();

// Mass update
Post::where('user_id', 1)->update(['published' => true]);

// Delete
$post = Post::find(1);
$post->delete();  // Soft delete (moves to trash)

// Force delete (permanent)
$post->forceDelete();

// Restore soft-deleted
$post->restore();

// firstOrCreate
$user = User::firstOrCreate(
    ['email' => 'john@example.com'],
    ['name' => 'John', 'password' => bcrypt('secret')]
);

// updateOrCreate
$post = Post::updateOrCreate(
    ['slug' => 'my-post'],
    ['title' => 'My Post', 'body' => 'Content...']
);
?>